قاراچیلار: نوسخه‌لر آراسینداکی فرق
محتوای حذف‌شده محتوای افزوده‌شده
replaced: توتور ← تۇتور, سونرا ← سوْنرا, حیوان ← حئیوان using AWB |
بدون خلاصۀ ویرایش |
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خط ۱:
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group=Romani people
|image=
|image_caption=
|flag=[[File:Roma flag.svg|200px]]
|flag_caption=[[Flag of the Romani people|Romani flag]] created in 1933 and accepted by the 1971 [[World Romani Congress]]
|pop=2–20 million<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/rmy|format=online|editor-last=Lewis|editor-first=M. Paul|year=2009|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World|edition=16th|place=Dallas, [[تکزاس ایالتی]]|publisher=SIL|quote=[[Ian Hancock]]'s 1987 estimate for 'all Gypsies in the world' was 6 to 11 million.|accessdate=15 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12977975|work=BBC News|title=EU demands action to tackle Roma poverty|date=5 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Roma|url=http://www.nationalia.info/new/8761/peoples-and-nations-today-the-roma|publisher=Nationalia|accessdate=20 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom|title=Rom|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|quote=... estimates of the total world Roma population range from two million to five million.|accessdate=15 September 2010}}</ref>
|region1 ={{Flagcountry|United States}}
|pop1=1,000,000 estimated with Romani ancestry (5,400 per [[2000 US census|2000 census]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WwPgRtjxKJ8C&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117 |title=The Marginalization of Shadow Minorities (Roma) and Its Impact on Opportunities |page=117 |website=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=27 July 2016}}</ref>
|ref1=<ref name="time">{{cite news|author=Kayla Webley|url=http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2025316,00.html|title=Hounded in Europe, Roma in the U.S. Keep a Low Profile|agency=Time|date=13 October 2010|accessdate=3 October 2015|quote=Today, estimates put the number of Roma in the U.S. at about one million.}}</ref>
|region2={{Flagcountry|Brazil}}
|pop2=800,000
|ref2=<ref>{{cite web|trans-title=Lack of public policy for Romani is a challenge for the administration|url=http://noticias.r7.com/brasil/noticias/falta-de-politicas-publicas-para-ciganos-e-desafio-para-o-governo-20110524.html|language=Portuguese|title=Falta de políticas públicas para ciganos é desafio para o governo|publisher=R7|year=2011|accessdate=22 January 2012|quote=The Special Secretariat for the Promotion of Racial Equality estimates the number of "ciganos" (Romanis) in Brazil at 800,000 (2011). The 2010 [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics|IBGE]] Brazilian National Census encountered gypsy camps in 291 of Brazil's 5,565 municipalities.}}</ref>
|region3={{Flagcountry|Turkey}}
|pop3=700,000–5,000,000
|ref3=<ref name=immigration>{{cite web|format=PDF|url=http://www.osce.org/hcnm/78034?download=true|title=Recent Migration of Roma in Europe, A study by Mr. Claude Cahn and Professor Elspeth Guild|publisher=Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights and OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities|date=October 2010|accessdate=15 September 2017|orig-year=First published 10 December 2008|edition=2nd, October 2010|pages=87–88|postscript=: Appendix 1 - Romani Population in Council of Europe Member States - Source: Council of Europe Roma and Travellers Division, September 2010}}</ref><ref name="Turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/turkiye-deki-kurtlerin-sayisi-/yasam/magazindetay/06.06.2008/873452/default.htm|title=Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı!|trans-title=The number of Kurds in Turkey!|date=6 June 2008|accessdate=2 January 2016|language=Turkish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Türkiye’deki Çingene nüfusu tam bilinmiyor. 2, hatta 5 milyon gibi rakamlar dolaşıyor Çingenelerin arasında|url=http://webarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/2005/05/08/639714.asp|newspaper=Hurriyet|place=[[تورکیه]]|language=tr|date=8 May 2005|accessdate=2 January 2016}}</ref>
|region4={{Flagcountry|Spain}}
|pop4=650,000–1,500,000
|ref4=<ref name=immigration/><ref>Estimated by the [[:en:Society for Threatened Peoples|Society for Threatened Peoples]] [http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/sinti-rom/img/n7a.jpg ]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eumap.org/reports/2002/eu/international/sections/spain/2002_m_spain.pdf|title=The Situation of Roma in Spain|publisher=Open Society Institute|year=2002|quote=The Spanish government estimates the number of ''Gitanos'' at a maximum of 650,000.|format=PDF|accessdate=15 September 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201172552/http://www.eumap.org/reports/2002/eu/international/sections/spain/2002_m_spain.pdf|archivedate=1 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Diagnostico Social de la Comunidad Gitana en Espana - CIS">{{cite web|url=http://www.msc.es/ssi/familiasInfancia/inclusionSocial/poblacionGitana/docs/diagnosticosocial_autores.pdf|title=Diagnóstico social de la comunidad gitana en España : Un análisis contrastado de la Encuesta del CIS a Hogares de Población Gitana 2007|format=PDF|website=Msc.es|date= |accessdate=27 July 2016}}</ref>
|region5={{Flagcountry|Romania}}
|pop5=535,137<ref name=immigration/><ref>[[2011 Romanian Census|2011 census]] data, based on [http://www.recensamantromania.ro/rezultate-2/ table 7 Population by ethnicity], gives a total of 621,573 Roma in Romania. This figure is disputed by other sources, because at the local level, many Roma declare a different ethnicity (mostly Romanian, but also Hungarian in Transylvania and Turkish in Dobruja). Many are not recorded at all, since they do not have ID cards [http://www.edrc.ro/docs/docs/Romii_din_Romania.pdf]. International sources give higher figures than the official census([http://europeandcis.undp.org/uploads/public/File/rbec_web/vgr/chapter1.1.pdf [[UNDP]]'s Regional Bureau for Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061007102931/http://europeandcis.undp.org/uploads/public/File/rbec_web/vgr/chapter1.1.pdf |date=7 October 2006}}, [http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/ECAEXT/EXTROMA/0,,contentMDK:20333806~menuPK:615999~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:615987,00.html World Bank], [http://www.msd.govt.nz/documents/publications/msd/journal/issue25/25-pages154-164.pdf International Association for Official Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226202154/http://www.msd.govt.nz/documents/publications/msd/journal/issue25/25-pages154-164.pdf |date=26 February 2008}}).</ref><ref>{{cite web|format=XLS|url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls|title=Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011 – Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune|date=5 July 2013|accessdate=18 December 2013|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Romania)]]|language=Romanian}} However, various organizations claim that there are 2 million Romanis in Romania. See [http://www.gandul.info/stiri/recensamant-2011-doua-treimi-dintre-romi-se-declara-romani-700-000-2-000-000-3-000-000-cati-romi-traiesc-in-romania-8883047]</ref>
|region6={{Flagcountry|France}}
|pop6=350,000–1,200,000
|ref6=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euractiv.com/security/situation-roma-france-crisis-proportions-report/article-150507 |title=Situation of Roma in France at crisis proportions|publisher=EurActiv Network|quote=According to the report, the settled Gypsy population in France is officially estimated at around 500,000, although other estimates say that the actual figure is much closer to 1.2 million.|date=7 December 2005|accessdate=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="350000 en France en 2010">{{cite web|first=Bernard|last=Gorce|url=http://www.la-croix.com/Actualite/France/Roms-gens-du-voyage-deux-realites-differentes-_NG_-2010-07-22-603910|title=Roms, gens du voyage, deux réalités différentes|publisher=[[La Croix]]|date=22 July 2010|accessdate=21 October 2016|quote=<small>[MANUAL TRANS.]</small> The ban prevents statistics on ethnicity to give a precise figure of French Roma, but we often quote the number 350,000. For travellers, the administration counted 160,000 circulation titles in 2006 issued to people aged 16 to 80 years. Among the travellers, some have chosen to buy a family plot where they dock their caravans around a local section (authorized since the Besson Act of 1990).}}</ref>
|region7={{Flagcountry|Bulgaria}}
|pop7=325,343–800,000
|ref7=<ref name="NSI">{{cite web|url=http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census/Reports/2/2/R7.aspx|script-title=bg:Население по местоживеене, възраст и етническа група|trans-title=Population by place of residence, age and ethnic group|language=bg|work=Bulgarian National Statistical Institute|accessdate=22 June 2015}} Self declared</ref><ref>{{cite press release|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-249_en.htm|title=Roma Integration – 2014 Commission Assessment: Questions and Answers|publisher=European Commission|location=Brussels|date=4 April 2014|accessdate=28 April 2016}} EU and Council of Europe estimates</ref>
|region8={{Flagcountry|Hungary}}
|pop8=315,583–990,000
|ref8=<ref>[http://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/nepsz2011/nepsz_sajto_20130328.pdf Hungarian Central Statistical Office Census Data 2011]. Retrieved 28 March 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Michael Kimmelman|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/arts/design/06roma.html?pagewanted=2&_r=0|title=In Hungary, Roma Get Art Show, Not a Hug|work=The New York Times|date=6 February 2008|accessdate=7 December 2015}}</ref>
|region9={{Flagcountry|Greece}}
|pop9=300,000–350,000
|ref9=<ref>{{cite web|title=Greece NGO|newspaper=Geek Helsinki Monitor|place=LV|publisher=Minelres|url=http://www.minelres.lv/reports/greece/greece_NGO.htm}}</ref>
|region10={{Flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
|pop10=90,000–225,000
|ref10=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{قایناق۱|contribution=RME |contribution-url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/rme |title=Ethnologue}}</ref>
|region11={{Flagcountry|Russia}}
|pop11=182,766–1,200,000
|ref11=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/English/4-1.xls|title=National Composition of Population and Citizenship|quote=Census 2002 in Russia: 182,766 Roma|format=Excel|publisher=Perepis2002|place=RU|accessdate=16 September 2010}}</ref>
|region12={{Flagcountry|Serbia}}
|pop12=147,604–500,000
|ref12=<ref>{{cite web|format=PDF|url=http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/userFiles/file/Aktuelnosti/Prezentacija_Knjiga1.pdf|script-title=sr:Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији: Национална припадност|trans-title=Census of population, households and apartments in 2011 in the Republic of Serbia: Ethnicity|language=sr|publisher=State Statistical Service of the Republic of Serbia|page=8|date=29 November 2012|accessdate=17 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|format=PDF|url=http://www.errc.org/cms/upload/file/serbia-country-profile-2011-2012.pdf|title=Serbia: Country Profile 2011-2012|work=European Roma Rights Centre|page=7|accessdate=17 July 2017}}</ref>
|region14={{Flagcountry|Italy}}
|pop14=120,000–180,000
|ref14=<ref name=DiGiacomo>{{cite web|url=http://www.21luglio.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Rapporto-annuale-Associazione-21-luglio.pdf|title=Giornata Internazionale dei rom e sinti: presentato il Rapporto Annuale 2014 (PDF)}}</ref>
|region15={{Flagcountry|Germany}}
|pop15=120,000–140,000
|ref15=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{قایناق۱|contribution-url=http://www.berlin-institut.org/online-handbuchdemografie/bevoelkerungsdynamik/regionale-dynamik/roma-in-deutschland.html |publisher=Berlin-Institut für Bevölkerung und Entwicklung |title=Regionale Dynamik |contribution=Roma in Deutschland}}</ref>
|region16={{Flagcountry|Slovakia}}
|pop16=105,738–600,000
|ref16=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Statistics|place=[[ایسلوواکی]]|format=PDF|url=http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715152521/http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|archivedate=15 July 2007|title=Population and Housing Census. Resident population by nationality}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=SME|place=SK|url=http://romovia.sme.sk/c/6947495/po-deviatich-rokoch-spocitali-romov-na-slovensku-ich-zije-viac-ako-400-tisic.html|title=Po deviatich rokoch spočítali Rómov, na Slovensku ich žije viac ako 400-tisíc|language=Slovak|date=25 September 2013|accessdate=25 September 2013|publisher=SITA}}</ref>
|region13={{Flagcountry|Iran}}
|pop13=100,000–110,000
|ref13=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranian.com/SaeedTavakkol/2005/October/Gypsy/index.html|title=Gypsy|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515170948/http://www.iranian.com/SaeedTavakkol/2005/October/Gypsy/index.html|archivedate=15 May 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|region17={{Flagcountry|Poland}}
|pop17=55,000-60,000
|ref17=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://countrystudies.us/poland/32.htm|title=Poland – Gypsies |work=Country studies |place=[[آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری]] |accessdate=28 August 2015}}</ref>
|region18={{Flagcountry|Macedonia}}
|pop18=53,879
|ref18=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.gov.mk/english/glavna_eng.asp?br=18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040621055714/http://www.stat.gov.mk/english/glavna_eng.asp?br=18|archivedate=21 June 2004|title=The 2002-census reported 53,879 Roma and 3,843 'Egyptians'|publisher=Republic of Macedonia, State Statistical Office|accessdate=17 September 2010}}</ref>
|region19={{Flagcountry|Sweden}}
|pop19=50,000–100,000
|ref19=<ref>{{قایناق۱|contribution-url=http://minoritet.prod3.imcms.net/1013 |title=Minoritet |contribution=Sametingen. Information about minorities in Sweden |language=sv |publisher=IMCMS}}</ref>
|region20={{Flagcountry|Ukraine}}
|pop20=47,587–400,000
|ref20=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul1/select_5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=100&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20&n_page=5|script-title=uk:Всеукраїнський перепис населення '2001: Розподіл населення за національністю та рідною мовою|trans-title=Ukrainian Census, 2001: Distribution of population by nationality and mother tongue|language=uk|publisher=State Statistics Service of Ukraine|place=[[اوکراین]]|date=2003|accessdate=15 September 2017}}</ref>
|region21={{Flagcountry|Czech Republic}}
|pop21=40,370 ([[رومان دیلی]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vdb.czso.cz/sldbvo/#!stranka=podle-tematu&tu=30718&th=&v=&vo=H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1uIhBMCuxLFGvtCQzR88jsTjDN7GAlf3WwcNiCReZGZjcGLhy8hNT3BKTS_KLPBk4SzKKUosz8nNSKgrsHRhAgKecA0gKADF3CQNnaLBrUIBjkKNvcSFDHQMDhhqGCqCiYA__cLCiEgZGvxIGdg9_Fz__EMeCEgY2b38XZ89gIIvLxTHEP8wx2NEFJM4ZHOIY5u_t7-MJ1OIP5IdEBkT5OwU5RgH5IUB9fo4ePq4uEPNYw1yDolzhPstJzEvX88wrSU1PLRJ6tGDJ98Z2CyYGRk8G1rLEnNLUiiIGAYQ6v9LcpNSitjVTZbmnPOhmArq34D8QlDDwAG10C_KFWcoe4ugU6uPtWMLA4eni6hcSEAZ0FYe_k3OQmaGJUwUA4lOtR1sBAAA.&vseuzemi=null&void=|title=Sčítání lidu, domů a bytů|publisher=czso.cz}}</ref>–300,000
|ref21=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://romove.radio.cz/cz/clanek/18884|quote=Census 2001 in Bulgaria: 370,908 Roma|accessdate=15 September 2010|publisher=romove.radio.cz|place=[[چک جومهوریتی]]|title=Současná romská komunita v Evropě}}</ref>
|region22={{Flagcountry|Argentina}}
|pop22={{circa|300,000}}
|ref22=<ref name="Hazel Marsh"/>
|region23={{Flagcountry|Portugal}}
|pop23=40,000–70,000
|ref23=<ref name=immigration/><ref name="minorityrights.org"/>
|region24={{Flagcountry|Kosovo}}
|pop24=40,000
|ref24=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tQKyAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA142 |title=Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies)}}</ref>
|region25={{Flagcountry|Netherlands}}
|pop25=32,000–48,000
|ref25=<ref name=immigration/>
|region26={{Flagcountry|Moldova}}
|pop26=12,778–200,000
|ref26=<ref name=immigration/><ref>2004 census</ref>
|region27={{Flagcountry|Croatia}}
|pop27=16,975–40,000
|ref27=<ref name=immigration/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/e01_01_05/E01_01_05.html |title=POPULATION BY ETHNICITY – DETAILED CLASSIFICATION, 2011 CENSUS |publisher=Croatian Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=21 June 2015}}</ref>
|region28={{Flagcountry|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|pop28=8,864–60,000
|ref28=<ref name=immigration/><ref>1991 census</ref>
|region29={{Flagcountry|Albania}}
|pop29=8,301–150,000
|ref29=<ref name=immigration/><ref name="minorityrights.org">[http://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/old-site-downloads/download-127-RomaGypsies-A-European-Minority.pdf Roma /Gypsies: A European Minority], Minority Rights Group International</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.instat.gov.al/media/180932/1.1.13.xls|format=XLS|title=Albanian census 2011|publisher=instat.gov.al|accessdate=7 December 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924035427/http://www.instat.gov.al/media/180932/1.1.13.xls|archivedate=24 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|region30={{Flagcountry|Kazakhstan}}
|pop30=6,100<ref>{{cite web|last1=Project|first1=Joshua|title=Romani, Sinte in Kazakhstan|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/14202/KZ|language=en}}</ref>
|region31={{Flagcountry|Canada}}
|pop31=5,255–80,000
|ref31=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://home.cogeco.ca/~rcctoronto/pdfs/fs08canada.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614111814/http://home.cogeco.ca/~rcctoronto/pdfs/fs08canada.pdf|archivedate=2007-06-14|format=PDF|title=Roma in Canada fact sheet|publisher=home.cogeco.ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=1118296&GK=0&GRP=0&PID=105396&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0 |title=2011 National Household Survey: Data tables |author=[[Statistics Canada]] |accessdate=11 February 2014}}</ref>
|region32={{Flagcountry|Finland}}
|pop32=11,000–50,000
|region33={{Flagcountry|Australia}}
|pop33=5,000–25,000
|ref33=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://open.abc.net.au/explore/15645|title=A History of Australian Romanies, now and then|author=Yvonne Slee|series=Now and Then|publisher=Open ABC|place=Australia|accessdate=28 July 2016}}</ref>
|region34={{Flagcountry|Mexico}}
|pop34=15,850
|ref34=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2010/10/gypsies-or-how-to-be-invisible-in-mexico|author=Emilio Godoy|title=Gypsies, or How to Be Invisible in Mexico|date=12 October 2010|publisher=Inter Press Service|accessdate=30 July 2016}}</ref>
|region36={{Flagcountry|Colombia}}
|pop36={{circa|8,000}}
|ref36=<ref name="Hazel Marsh">{{cite web|first=Hazel|last=Marsh|url=http://www.latinolife.co.uk/node/289|title=The Roma Gypsies of Colombia|publisher=latinolife.co.uk|accessdate=17 July 2017}}</ref>
|region37={{Flagcountry|South Africa}}
|pop37=9,200<ref>{{cite web|last1=Project|first1=Joshua|title=Romani, Romanichal in South Africa|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11141/SF|language=en}}</ref>
|region38={{بایراق|بلاروس}}
|pop38=7,079
|ref38=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.8-0.pdf|title=Republic of Belarus, 2009 Census: Population by Ethnicity and Native Language|accessdate=21 April 2018|language=ru|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918165045/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.8-0.pdf|archivedate=18 September 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|region39={{بایراق|مونتینیقرو}}
|pop39=5,251
|ref39= <ref name="monstat1">{{cite web|url=http://www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje(1).pdf|title=Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Montenegro 2011|date=July 12, 2011|accessdate=13 July 2011}}</ref>
|region40={{Flagcountry|Lithuania}}
|pop40=<3,000
|ref40=<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.cafebabel.co.uk/society/article/kirtimai-lithuanias-roma-on-education-and-missing-england.html|author=Emmanuel Haddad|title=Kirtimai:Lithuania's Roma on education and 'missing England'|journal=Cafebabel|date=21 March 2012|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref>
|languages=[[رومان دیلی]] language, [[Para-Romani]] varieties, languages of native regions
|religions=Predominantly [[مسیحیت]]<ref name="Gall, Timothy L. 1998 pp. 316, 318">{{قایناق۱|editor-last=Gall |editor-first=Timothy L |title=Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life |volume=4. Europe |place=Cleveland, OH |publisher=Eastword |year=1998 |pages=316, 318 |quote='Religion: An underlay of Hinduism with an overlay of either Christianity or Islam (host country religion)'; Roma religious beliefs are rooted in Hinduism. Roma believe in a universal balance, called kuntari... Despite a 1,000-year separation from India, Roma still practice 'shaktism', the worship of a god through his female consort...}}</ref><br/>[[ایسلام]]<ref name="Gall, Timothy L. 1998 pp. 316, 318"/><br/>[[Shaktism]] branch of [[هندوئیسم]]<ref name="Gall, Timothy L. 1998 pp. 316, 318"/>
|related-c=[[Dom people|Dom]], [[Lom people|Lom]], [[Domba]]; other [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryans]]
}}
[[فایل:Romani population average estimate.png|بندانگشتی|سول|قاراچیلارین اوروپا اؤلکه لرده داغیلیمی]]'''قاراچیلار '''کؤچَری خالقلاردان بیری. کؤکلری [[هیند-اوروپا]] دان دیر. قاراچیلاری بوتون [[اوراسیا]] اؤلکه لرینده گؤرمک اولار. دئییلیرکی اونلار هیندین شومالیندان غربه ساری کؤچمه یی باشلایببلار. کؤچریلره اوروپا دا '''رومان''' (Roman)، اینگیلس دیللی اؤلکه لرده '''جیپسی''' (Gipsies) ، تورکیه ده '''Romanlar''' یا '''Çingeneler''' دئییلیر. قاراچیلارا فارسجا '''کولی''' و عربجه '''غُجَر''' دئییلیر.
<br/> اوروپا یازیچیلاریندان [[پروسپر مئریم]]، [[شارل دو کوستر]] و ائله جه ده [[والتر اسکات]] اؤز اثرلرینده قاراچیلارین منشاءینی اؤتری ده اولسا توخونورلار. مخصوصا پروسپر مئریم کارمئن اثرینده بئله بیر ایفاده ایشلَدیرː<blockquote ;">قاراچیلارین تاریخی هله ده تانیلماز قالیر. آنجاق بو بللی دیر کی ، اونلارین بیرینجی کیچیک قروپلاری 14جی یوزایلین باشلانیشیندا اوروپانین شرق بؤلوملرینده گؤرونموشدور؛ لاکین اونلارین اوروپا یا هارادان و نه اوچون گلدیکلری معلوم دئییل و غریبخ بوراسی دیر کی ، آز واخت ایچَریسینده بیربیریندن چوخ اوزاق اولان اؤلکه لرده اونلارین بو قدر آرتیب چوخالماسینا هئچ کیمسه اینانا بیلمیر. قاراچیلارین اؤزلری ده اؤز عادت و دبلری و کؤکلرینه گؤره ایندییه کیمی هئچ نه قورویوب ساخلامامیشلار؛ و اونلارین چوخونلوغو[[میصر]]<nowiki/>ی بیرینجی یوردو حیساب ائدیرسه، بو دا اونلارین تا قدیمدن ایندییه دک اؤز آرالاریندا یاییلمیش بو اویدورمایا اساسلانمالاریدیر.
شارل دو کوستر و والتر اسکات دا قاراچیلارین تاریخینی 14جو یوز ایله عایید ائدیر. آیری بیر ایطلاعاتا یه گؤره قاراچیلار ایستانبولون فتحی چاغی اوروپایا گیریبلر. آیری بیر آچیقلاما دا قاراچیلارین همن زاماندا ایکی یولدان اوروپایا گیرمکلری یؤنونده دیر. بو آچیقلامایا گؤره بیر قروپ[[بوسفور بوغازی]]<nowiki/>ندان ، آیری قروپ دا[[جبلوتتاریق بوغازی]]<nowiki/>ندان (جبل الطارق) اوروپایا گیرمیشلر.
== یئرلَشمه ==
=== آذربایجاندا ===
2012-2014جو ایللره اولان غیری رسمی
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سطر ۶۱ ⟵ ۱۸۶:
== دَبلر و عنعنه لری ==
[[فایل:Movimiento_gitano.jpg|thumb|200x200px|قاراچیلارین اوروپایا کؤچمَلری نقشه (خریطه) ده]]
قاراچیلار تاریخن کؤچری
قاراچیلارین اؤزلرینه مخصوص ائله دبلری و عنعنه لری واردیر کی، بونلار هئچ بیر خالقا منسوب دئییلدیر.
== قایناقلار ==
[[بؤلمه:خالقلار]]
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