اتانول

اتانول
Full structural formula of ethanol	Skeletal formula of ethanol
Ball-and-stick model of ethanol	Space-filling model of ethanol
آدلار
Pronunciation	/ˈɛθənɒl/
	Systematic IUPAC name ethanol
	باشقا آدلار Absolute alcohol, alcohol, cologne spirit, drinking alcohol, ethylic alcohol, EtOH, ethyl alcohol, ethyl hydrate, ethyl hydroxide, ethylol, grain alcohol, hydroxyethane, methylcarbinol
تانیملایئجیلار
سی‌ای‌اس ثبت نومره‌سی	64-17-5
پاب‌کم	702
کم‌اسپایدر	682
UNII	3K9958V90M
ChEMBL	CHEMBL545
Beilstein Reference	1718733
Gmelin Reference	787
جی‌مول-تصاویر سه بعدی	Image 1
	SMILES CCO ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 ; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYAB;
خوصوصیّتلر
Chemical formula	C2H6O
Molar mass	۴۶٫۰۷ g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Melting point	−۱۱۴٫۱۴ ± ۰٫۰۳ °C (−۱۷۳٫۴۵ ± ۰٫۰۵ °F; ۱۵۹٫۰۱ ± ۰٫۰۳ K)
Boiling point	۷۸٫۲۴ ± ۰٫۰۹ °C (۱۷۲٫۸۳ ± ۰٫۱۶ °F; ۳۵۱٫۳۹ ± ۰٫۰۹ K)
Solubility in water	miscible
log P	−0.18
Vapor pressure	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H2O), 29.8 (DMSO)
Basicity (pKb)	−1.9
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-33.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3611
Viscosity	1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C), 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment	1.69 D
Pharmacology
Drug class	Central nervous system depressant
ATC code	D08AX08 (WHO) V03AB16 (WHO), V03AZ01 (WHO)
Pregnancy; category	US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence liability	Moderate
Addiction liability	Moderate (10–15%)
Routes of; administration	Common: by mouth, topical; Uncommon: suppository, inhalation, ocular, insufflation, injection
	Pharmacokinetics:
Bioavailability	Variable
Metabolism	Liver: alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme
Metabolites	Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetyl-CoA, کربون دیاوکسید, water
Biological half-life	None, constant rate elimination
Excretion	Urine, breath, perspiration, tears, milk, saliva, bile
Legal status	AU: Unscheduled ; CA: Unscheduled ; DE: Unscheduled; NZ: Unscheduled ; UK: Unscheduled ; US: Unscheduled ; UN: Unscheduled ; EU: Unscheduled ;
Related compounds
Related compounds	Ethane ; Methanol
	باشقا جۆر قید ائدیلمدیگی حاللار ایستیثنا اوْلماقلا، معلوماتلار ایستاندارد وضعیتده اوْلان متریاللار اۆچون وئریلیر (۲۵ °س [۷۷ °ف], 100 kPa). یوخلایین (نه‌دیر ؟) بیلگی‌قوتو قایناقلاری

اتانول یوخسا الکول اتیلیک یا اتیل الکل یا اتیلیک الکل اینگیلیسجه: Ethanol، بیر نوع شیمیایی ترکیبدیر.

قایناقلار دَییشدیر

گؤرونتولر دَییشدیر

^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است
^ ^۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.
^ Ballinger, P.; Long, F.A. (1960). "Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (4): 795–798. doi:10.1021/ja01489a008.
^ Arnett, E.M.; Venkatasubramaniam, K.G. (1983). "Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems". J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. doi:10.1021/jo00158a001.
^ Lide, David R., ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92 ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232.
^ Lide, David R., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89 ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55.
^ Stogner, John M.; Eassey, John M.; Baldwin, Julie Marie; Miller, Bryan Lee (September 2014). "Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 142: 74–78. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.
^ Gilman, Jodi M; Ramchandani, Vijay A; Crouss, Tess; Hommer, Daniel W (28 September 2011). "Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns". Neuropsychopharmacology. 37 (2): 467–477. doi:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMC 3242308. PMID 21956438.
^ Swift, Robert (December 2003). "Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites". Addiction. 98: 73–80. doi:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.
^ ^۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ Becker, CE (12 August 2013). "The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol". California Medicine. 113 (3): 37–45. PMC 1501558. PMID 5457514.
^ Schmidt, Alexander (1974), Memorandum of Understanding Between The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and The Food and Drug Administration regarding the Promulgation and Enforcement of the Labeling Regulations Promulgated under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, 24 June 2015-ده یوخلانیب
^ Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.
^ Vengeliene, V; Bilbao, A; Molander, A; Spanagel, R (May 2008). "Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (2): 299–315. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMC 2442440. PMID 18311194. (Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....
^ WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report (PDF). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2007. p. 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب. ...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...

[Pubchem-1] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است

[crc2-2] ۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.

[3] Ballinger, P.; Long, F.A. (1960). "Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (4): 795–798. doi:10.1021/ja01489a008.

[4] Arnett, E.M.; Venkatasubramaniam, K.G. (1983). "Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems". J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. doi:10.1021/jo00158a001.

[crc92-5] Lide, David R., ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92 ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232.

[crc89-6] Lide, David R., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89 ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55.

[7] Stogner, John M.; Eassey, John M.; Baldwin, Julie Marie; Miller, Bryan Lee (September 2014). "Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 142: 74–78. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.

[8] Gilman, Jodi M; Ramchandani, Vijay A; Crouss, Tess; Hommer, Daniel W (28 September 2011). "Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns". Neuropsychopharmacology. 37 (2): 467–477. doi:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMC 3242308. PMID 21956438.

[9] Swift, Robert (December 2003). "Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites". Addiction. 98: 73–80. doi:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.

[pmid5457514-10] ۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ Becker, CE (12 August 2013). "The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol". California Medicine. 113 (3): 37–45. PMC 1501558. PMID 5457514.

[11] Schmidt, Alexander (1974), Memorandum of Understanding Between The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and The Food and Drug Administration regarding the Promulgation and Enforcement of the Labeling Regulations Promulgated under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, 24 June 2015-ده یوخلانیب

[12] Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.

[13] Vengeliene, V; Bilbao, A; Molander, A; Spanagel, R (May 2008). "Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (2): 299–315. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMC 2442440. PMID 18311194. (Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....

[14] WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report (PDF). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2007. p. 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب. ...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...

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