جئیمز بیوکنن
(جیمز بیوکنن-دن يوْللاندیریلمیش)
جئیمز بیوکنن اینگیلیسجه :James buchanan (دوغوم:۱۷۹۱، اؤلوم:۱۸۶۸) آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری اؤلکهسینین ۱۵-نجی جومهورباشقانی . ۱۸۵۷دن ۱۸۶۱ قدر ایش اوستونده اولدو.
James Buchanan | |
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15th President of the United States | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861 | |
رئیسجومهورون موعاوینی | جان سی. برکینریج |
قاباقجا | فرانکلین پیرس |
سونراکی | آبراهام لینکلون |
20th United States Minister to the United Kingdom | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر August 23, 1853 – March 15, 1856 | |
رئیسجومهور | فرانکلین پیرس |
قاباقجا | جوزف رید اینجرزول |
سونراکی | جورج ام. دالاس |
17th United States Secretary of State | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر March 10, 1845 – March 7, 1849 | |
رئیسجومهور |
جئیمز ناکس پولک زکری تئیلور |
قاباقجا | جان سی. کلهون |
سونراکی | جان ام. کلیتون |
بیرلشمیش ایالتلرین سناتورو پنسیلوانیا ایالتی | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر December 6, 1834 – March 5, 1845 | |
قاباقجا | ویلیام ویلکینز |
سونراکی | سایمون کامرون |
5th United States Minister to Russia | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر June 11, 1832 – August 5, 1833 | |
رئیسجومهور | اندرو جکسون |
قاباقجا | John Randolph |
سونراکی | ویلیام ویلکینز |
Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر March 5, 1829 – March 3, 1831 | |
قاباقجا | فیلیپ پندلتون باربور |
سونراکی | وارن آر. داویس |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from پنسیلوانیا ایالتی | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1831 | |
قاباقجا |
Jacob Hibshman (3rd) James S. Mitchell (4th) |
سونراکی |
Daniel H. Miller (3rd) William Hiester (4th) |
سئچیجیلری |
3rd district (1821–1823) 4th district (1823–1831) |
Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from Lancaster County | |
ایشلهدیگیایللر 1814–1816 | |
قاباقجا | Emanuel Reigart, Joel Lightner, Jacob Grosh, John Graff, Henry Hambright, Robert Maxwell |
سونراکی | Joel Lightner, Hugh Martin, John Forrey, Henry Hambright, Jasper Slaymaker, Jacob Grosh[۱] |
شخصی بیلگیلر | |
دوغوم |
۲۳ آوریل ۱۷۹۱ Cove Gap, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
اؤلوم |
۱ ژوئن ۱۸۶۸ میلادی (۷۷ یاش) لنکستر، پنسیلوانیا, U.S. |
ایستراحت یئری | Woodward Hill Cemetery |
سیاسی حیزبی | آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلرین دموکرات حزبی |
اوشاقلار | Harriet Lane, adopted |
تحصیل | دیکنسون کالجی (BA) |
ایمضاسی |
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حربی خیدمتلر | |
وفادارلیک |
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خیدمت | Pennsylvania Militia |
خیدمت ایللری | 1814[۲][۳] |
درجه | Private |
واحید | Henry Shippen's Company, 1st Brigade, 4th Division |
موحاریبهلر |
۱۸۱۲-جی ایل ساواشی • Defense of Baltimore |
قایناقلاردَییشدیر
- ↑ Ellis, Franklin; Evans, Samuel (1883). History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania 1. Philadelphia: Everts & Peck. p. 214.
- ↑ Klein, Philip Shriver (1962). President James Buchanan: A Biography. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 17.
- ↑ Ticknor, Curtis, George (1883). Life of James Buchanan, Fifteenth President of the United States 1. New York, NY: Harper & Brothers. p. 10. ISBN 9781623768218.
Works citedدَییشدیر
- Armitage, Susan H.; Faragher, John Mack; Buhle, Mari Jo; Czitrom, Daniel J. (2005). Out of Many, TLC Combined, Revised Printing (4th Edition). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-195130-0.
- Baker, Jean H. (2004). James Buchanan. Times Books. ISBN 0-8050-6946-1. excerpt and text search
- Beatty, Michael A. (2001). County Name Origins of the United States. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1025-6.
- Chadwick, Bruce (2008). 1858: Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant and the War They Failed to See. Sourcebooks, Inc. ISBN 978-1402209413.
- Curtis, George Ticknor (1883). Life of James Buchanan: Fifteenth President of the United States 2. Harper & Brothers.
- Flude, Anthony G. (March 2012). «Manuscript XXIII: A Raiatean Petition for American Protection». The Journal of Pacific History 47 (1): 111–121. DOI:10.1080/00223344.2011.632982.
- Grossman, Mark (2003). Political Corruption in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, and Greed. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-060-3.
- Hall, Timothy L. (2001). Supreme Court justices: a biographical dictionary. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8153-1176-8.
- Klein, Philip Shriver (December 1955). «The Lost Love of a Bachelor President». American Heritage Magazine 7 (1).
- Klein, Philip S. (1962). President James Buchanan: A Biography (1995 ed.). American Political Biography Press. ISBN 0-945707-11-8.
- Jurinski, James John (2012). Tax Reform: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-322-4.
- McPherson, James M. (1988). Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199743902.
- Nevins, Allan (1950). The Emergence of Lincoln: Douglas, Buchanan, and Party Chaos, 1857–1859. Scribner. ISBN 9780684104157.
- Potter, David Morris (1976). The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861. Harper & Row. ISBN 9780060905248. Pulitzer prize.
- Ross, Shelley (1988). Fall from Grace: Sex, Scandal, and Corruption in American Politics from 1702 to the Present. Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-35381-8.
- Smith, Elbert (1975). The Presidency of James Buchanan. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-0132-5.
- Stampp, Kenneth M. (1990). America in 1857: A Nation on the Brink. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195074819.
- Strauss, Robert (2016). Worst. President. Ever.: James Buchanan, the POTUS Rating Game, and the Legacy of the Least of the Lesser Presidents. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781493024841.
- Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2009). The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars: A Political, Social, and Military History: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781851099528.
- Watson, Robert P. (2012). Affairs of State: The Untold History of Presidential Love, Sex, and Scandal, 1789–1900. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9781442218369.
آرتیق اوخودَییشدیر
ایکینجی ال قایناقلاردَییشدیر
- Binder, Frederick Moore (1992). «James Buchanan: Jacksonian Expansionist». Historian 55 (1): 69–84. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1992.tb00886.x. ISSN 0018-2370.
- Binder, Frederick Moore (1994). James Buchanan and the American Empire. Susquehanna University Press. ISBN 9780945636649.
- Birkner, Michael J., ed. (1996). James Buchanan and the Political Crisis of the 1850s. Susquehanna University Press. ISBN 9780945636892.
- Meerse, David (1995). «Buchanan, the Patronage, and the Lecompton Constitution: a Case Study». Civil War History 41 (4): 291–312. DOI:10.1353/cwh.1995.0017. ISSN 0009-8078.
- Nevins, Allan. The Emergence of Lincoln 2 vols. (1960) highly detailed narrative of his presidency
- Nichols, Roy Franklin; The Democratic Machine, 1850–1854 (1923), detailed narrative; online
- Quist, John W.; Birkner, Michael J., eds. (2013). James Buchanan and the Coming of the Civil War. University Press of Florida. ISBN 9780813044262.
- Rhodes, James Ford (1906). History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the End of the Roosevelt Administration 2. Macmillan.
- Silbey, Joel H. (2014). A Companion to the Antebellum Presidents 1837–1861. Wiley. pp. 397–464. ISBN 9781118609293.
- Updike, John (2013) [1974]. Buchanan Dying: A Play. Random House Publishing Group. ISBN 9780812984910.
کؤک قایناقلاردَییشدیر
- Buchanan, James. Fourth Annual Message to Congress. (1860, December 3).
- Buchanan, James. Mr Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion (1866)
- National Intelligencer (1859)
ائشیک باغلانتیلاردَییشدیر
Wikisource has original works written by or about: James Buchanan |
ویکیسؤز ده جئیمز بیوکنن ه مربوط اولان سؤز وار |
ویکیآمباردا جئیمز بیوکنن ایله مربوط فایل وار. |
- White House biography
- United States Congress. جئیمز بیوکنن (id: B001005). Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- James Buchanan: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
- The James Buchanan papers, spanning the entirety of his legal, political and diplomatic career, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
- University of Virginia article: Buchanan biography
- Wheatland
- James Buchanan at تولین بیلیمیوردو
- Essay on James Buchanan and shorter essays on each member of his cabinet and First Lady from the Miller Center of Public Affairs
- Buchanan's Birthplace State Park, Franklin County, Pennsylvania
- "Life Portrait of James Buchanan", from C-SPAN's American Presidents: Life Portraits, June 21, 1999
Primary sources
- Works by جئیمز بیوکنن at Project Gutenberg
- Works by جئیمز بیوکنن at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Works by or about جئیمز بیوکنن at Internet Archive
- James Buchanan Ill with Dysentery Before Inauguration: Original Letters Shapell Manuscript Foundation
- Mr. Buchanans Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion. President Buchanans memoirs.
- Inaugural Address
- Fourth Annual Message to Congress, December 3, 1860
کیمسهلر ایله باغلی بۇ مقاله بیر قارالامادیر. مقالهنی دییشدیرهرک ویکیپدیایا کؤمک ائدین. |