قرافیت
قرافیت (اینگیلیسجه: Graphite) کربونیک کریستال فورمو ایستاندارد اولان دوروم دا ان ثابیت قالان کربون فورمو دور آما چوخ ایستی سیخیلمیش دوروم دا آلماس فورمونا دؤنور[۵].
| Graphite | |
|---|---|
 Graphite specimen | |
| General | |
| Category | Native mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | C |
| Strunz classification | 1.CB.05a |
| Crystal system | Hexagonal |
| Crystal class | Dihexagonal dipyramidal (6/mmm) Hermann–Mauguin notation: (6/m 2/m 2/m) |
| Space group | P63mc (buckled) P63/mmc (flat) |
| Unit cell | a = 2.461, c = 6.708 [Å]; Z = 4 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Iron-black to steel-gray; deep blue in transmitted light |
| Crystal habit | Tabular, six-sided foliated masses, granular to compacted masses |
| Twinning | Present |
| Cleavage | Basal – perfect on {0001} |
| Fracture | Flaky, otherwise rough when not on cleavage |
| Tenacity | Flexible non-elastic, sectile |
| Mohs scale hardness | 1–3 |
| Luster | Metallic, earthy |
| Streak | Black |
| Diaphaneity | Opaque, transparent only in extremely thin flakes |
| Specific gravity | 1.9–2.3 |
| Density | 2.09–2.23 g/cm3 |
| Optical properties | Uniaxial (−) |
| Pleochroism | Strong |
| Solubility | Soluble in molten nickel, warm chlorosulfuric acid[۱] |
| Other characteristics | strongly anisotropic, conducts electricity, greasy feel, readily marks |
| References | [۲][۳][۴] |
قایناقلار
دَییشدیر- ^ Liquid method: pure graphene production. Phys.org (May 30, 2010).
- ^ Graphite. Mindat.org.
- ^ Graphite. Webmineral.com.
- ^ Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C., eds. (1990). "Graphite" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Vol. I (Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts). Chantilly, VA, US: Mineralogical Society of America. ISBN 978-0962209703.
- ^ اینگیلیسجه ویکیپدیا