^Fagundes, Nelson J. R.; Kanitz, Ricardo; Eckert, Roberta; Valls, Ana C. S.; Bogo, Mauricio R.; Salzano, Francisco M.; Smith, David Glenn; Silva, Wilson A.; Zago, Marco A.; Ribeiro-Dos-Santos, Andrea K.; Santos, Sidney E. B.; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza; Bonatto, Sandro L. (2008). "Mitochondrial Population Genomics Supports a Single Pre-Clovis Origin with a Coastal Route for the Peopling of the Americas"(PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (3): 583–592. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.013. PMC2427228. PMID18313026. 2009-03-25-ده اوریجنال(PDF)-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 2009-11-19-ده یوخلانیب. Since the first studies, it has been found that extant Native American populations exhibit almost exclusively five "mtDNA haplogroups" (A–D and X)6 classified in the autochthonous haplogroups A2, B2, C1, D1, and X2a.7 Haplogroups A–D are found all over the New World and are frequent in Asia, supporting a northeastern Asian origin of these lineages{{cite journal}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک)
^ ۳٫۰۳٫۱قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاعهای با نام Zegura2004 وارد نشده است
^ ۱۰٫۰۱۰٫۱۱۰٫۲Kharkov, V. N.; Stepanov, V. A.; Medvedeva, O. F.; Spiridonova, M. G.; Voevoda, M. I.; Tadinova, V. N.; Puzyrev, V. P. (2007). "Gene Pool Differences between Northern and Southern Altaians Inferred from the Data on Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups". Genetika. 43 (5): 675–687. doi:10.1134/S1022795407050110. PMID17633562. S2CID566825.
^Yong-Ke, Zhang; Zheng, Chen; An, FAN; et al. (2009). "Genetic relationships between Tuva population and the neighboring populations in the Altai Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region". Hereditas. 31 (8): 818–824. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1005.2009.00818. PMID19689942.
^قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاعهای با نام Olofsson2015 وارد نشده است