کریپتون

Krypton, ₃₆Kr
General properties
Appearance	colorless gas, exhibiting a whitish glow in an electric field
Krypton in the periodic table
bromine ← krypton → rubidium	‍
Atomic number (Z)	36
Group, period	group 18 (noble gases), period 4
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	{{{electron configuration}}}
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 8
Physical properties
Melting point	115.78 K (−157.37 °C, −251.27 °F)
Boiling point	119.93 K (−153.415 °C, −244.147 °F)
Density at stp (0 °C and 101.325 kPa)	3.749 g/L
when liquid, at b.p.	2.413 g/cm3
Triple point	115.775 K, 73.53 kPa
Critical point	209.48 K, 5.525 MPa
Heat of fusion	1.64 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	9.08 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	20.95 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 3.00
Ionization energies	1st: 1350.8 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 2350.4 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3565 kJ/mol
Covalent radius	116±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	202 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound	(gas, 23 °C) 220 m·s−1; (liquid) 1120 m/s
Thermal conductivity	9.43×10−3 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	−28.8·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
CAS Number	7439-90-9
تاریخی
Discovery and first isolation	ویلیام رمزی and موریس تراورز (1898)
Main isotopes of krypton
γ	–
	باخ; دانیش; دییش; \| references \| in Wikidata

کریپتون کیماسال ماده دیر سیمگه سی Kr اتوم سایی‌سی 36 اتوم کوتله سی 83.80 آلتی قالارلی ایزوتوپو و نئچه قاچگین ایزوتوپو وار. مندلیف جدولینده دؤردونجو نجیب قازدیر.سیخلیغی 1.18 هاوا سیخلیغیندان چوخدور و قؤخسوز و بؤیاقسیز دیر. کریپتون کریپ سؤزوندن و گیزلی معناسیندا دیر چون چوخ مدت اینکیشاف اولمادی.سممی دئیل و یانماز.الکتریکی بؤشالمادا آچیق بنوشه کیمی ایشیغی اولار.

قایناق

^ Krypton. encyclopedia.airliquide.com
^ "Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Melting, boiling, triple, and critical temperatures of the elements". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 2005.
^ ^۳٫۰ ^۳٫۱ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.121. ISBN 1439855110.
^ Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.
^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ Patrignani, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2016). "Review of Particle Physics". Chinese Physics C. 40 (10): 100001. Bibcode:2016ChPhC..40j0001P. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001. See p. 768

[1] Krypton. encyclopedia.airliquide.com

[2] "Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Melting, boiling, triple, and critical temperatures of the elements". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 2005.

[b92-3] ۳٫۰ ^۳٫۱ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.121. ISBN 1439855110.

[4] Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.

[5] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[6] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[Patrignani2016-7] Patrignani, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2016). "Review of Particle Physics". Chinese Physics C. 40 (10): 100001. Bibcode:2016ChPhC..40j0001P. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001. See p. 768

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