ویکی‌پدیا

۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری

Northwestern Syria offensive
(December 2019–March 2020)
شامیل دیر:the Syrian Civil War and the Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate

Top: Situation in Northwestern Syria as of 8 March 2020. Locations of Turkish, Russian, and Iranian outposts are marked.
Bottom: Situation along the M4 Highway after the 6 March 2020 ceasefire.
  Syrian Army control
  Syrian Opposition control
  Syrian Army & SDF control
تاریخ19 December 2019[۹][۱۰][۱۱][۱۲][۱۳] – 6 March 2020
(۲ آی، ۲ هفته و ۲ گون)
یئر
Northwestern Syria
نتیجه Syrian Army and allies victory[۱۴][۱۵]
اراضی
دییشیکلیکلری
دویوشچولر
 سوریه
 روسیه
 ایران
Allied militias:
PMF-affiliated militias
Liwa Fatemiyoun[۱]
Liwa Zainebiyoun[۱]
شابلون:Country data Hezbollah[۲][۳]

Fateh Mubin operations room[۴]

شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Syrian National Army
 تورکیه (from 3 February)

Ajnad al-Kavkaz[۶]
Rouse the Believers Operations Room[۷]
Turkistan Islamic Party[۸]
باشچیلار و لیدرلر
Maj. Gen. Suheil al-Hassan[۲۵][۲۶]
(25th Special Forces commander)
Maj. Gen. Maher al-Assad[۲۶]
(4th Division commander)
Brig. Gen. Burhan Rahmun ⚔
(commander of 124 Brigade of Republican Guard)[۲۷]
Brig. Gen. Ismael Ali ⚔[۲۸]
Col. Mazar Farwati ⚔[۲۸]
Col. Basil Ali Khaddour ⚔
(commander of 6th regiment of 25th Special Forces)[۲۹]
Juma al Ahmad ⚔[۳۰]
(Baqir Brigade commander)
Asghar Pashapour ⚔[۸]
(IRGC senior commander; Iranian-backed militias overseer)
شابلون:Country data Hezbollah Jaafar al Sadiq ⚔[۲][۳۰]
(Hezbollah commander)

فایل:Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg Abu Mohammad al-Julani[۳۰]
(Hayat Tahrir al-Sham leader)
فایل:Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg Abu Ubeidah al-Kansafra ⚔
(Hayat Tahrir al-Sham commander)[۳۱]شابلون:Better source needed
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Maj. Gen. Salim Idris[۳۲]
(Syrian Interim Government Defense Minister; Syrian National Army Chief of Staff)
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Brig. Gen. Adnan al-Ahmad[۳۲]
(Syrian National Army Deputy Chief of Staff)
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Thaer Maarouf[۳۳]
(First Legion leader)
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Gen. Ahmad Rahhal
(SAA defector)[۳۴]
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Captain Mustafa Kuja[۳۳]
(Northern Command commander)
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Ali Jaber Pasha (Leader of Ahrar al-Sham)[۳۵]
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Col. Mustafa Bakour (Leader of Jaysh al-Izza)[۳۶][۳۷]

تورکیه Hulusi Akar[۳۸]
(Turkish Minister of Defense)
تورکیه Lt. Gen Sinan Yayla[۳۹]
(2nd Army commander)
ایشتیراک ائدن واحیدلر

 سوریه

 روسیه

 ایران

شابلون:Country data Hezbollah

فایل:Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg Hayat Tahrir al-Sham

شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition Syrian National Army

Turkish Armed Forces

Rouse the Believers Operations Room

Malhama Tactical[۵۰][۶]
گوج
Unknown فایل:Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg 12,000–20,000[۴۹]
شابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition 22,000–50,000 (total, not all involved)[۴۹]
8,350[۵۶]–20,000[۵۷]
3,500–5,000[۴۹]
تلفاتلار و ایتکیلر
سوریه 1,449 killed[۵۸]
2 SyAAF Mi-17s shot down[۵۹][۶۰][۶۱]
2 SyAAF SU-24s shot down[۶۲]
1 SyAAF L-39 shot down[۶۳]
21 killed[۶۴]
شابلون:Country data Hezbollah 15 killed[۳۰][۶۵]
روسیه 8 killed[۶۶][۶۷]
ایران 5 killed[۶۸][۶۹]

فایل:Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svgشابلون:Country data Syrian Opposition 1,496 killed[۵۸]
تورکیه 59–73 killed (58-72 soldiers, 1 contractor)[۷۰][note ۱]
5–12 TAF combat drones shot down[۷۱][۷۲]

23 Sabra tanks[۷۳]
370+ civilians killed (per UN; by February)[۷۴]
470+ civilians killed (per SOHR)[۷۵]
980,000+ civilians displaced from Idlib and Aleppo[۷۶][۷۷]

۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری اینگیلیسجه : Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020) بو چاتیشما تۆرکیه و تۆرکیه دستکلدیغی ساواشچی گروه لار روسیه ، اسد رژیمی ، حیزب الله و ایرانین ساواشچیلاری نین آراسیندا باش وردی بو چاتیشما ایدلیب بؤلگه سینین کونترول ائتمک ایچۆن اولدو.

قایناقلار

دَییشدیر
  1. ^ ۱٫۰ ۱٫۱ ۱٫۲ Joe Truzman (14 February 2020). "IRGC trained militias suffer losses in northwest Syria". Long War Journal. https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/02/irgc-trained-militias-suffer-losses-in-northwest-syria.php. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  2. ^ ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ ۲٫۲ "Funeral Held for Hezbollah Field Commander Killed in Idleb". ZAMAN AL WASL, Syrian Observer. 27 January 2020. https://syrianobserver.com/EN/news/55630/funeral-held-for-hezbollah-field-commander-killed-in-idleb.html. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  3. ^ Haboush, Joseph (2020-02-02). Three Hizbollah fighters die in Idlib in latest sign of Iran's involvement in Syria.
  4. ^ Putin and Erdogan meet in Istanbul, amid ongoing battles in Syria's Idlib (8 January 2020).
  5. ^ Idlib: The opposition is confusing ... and the "Army of Glory" is entering the battle.
  6. ^ ۶٫۰ ۶٫۱ Joanna Paraszczuk (4 March 2020). "Small Russian factions continue to play key specialised role in opposition offensives in Syria's Idlib". Jane's. https://www.janes.com/article/94675/small-russian-factions-continue-to-play-key-specialised-role-in-opposition-offensives-in-syria-s-idlib. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  7. ^ ۷٫۰ ۷٫۱ ۷٫۲ ۷٫۳ Caleb Weiss; Joe Truzman (27 January 2020). "'Incite the Believers' continues to fight Assad regime in southern Idlib". Long War Journal. https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/01/incite-the-believers-continue-to-fight-assad-regime-in-southern-idlib.php. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  8. ^ ۸٫۰ ۸٫۱ ۸٫۲ ۸٫۳ "Soleimani aide killed in Syria". Middle East Monitor. 4 February 2020. https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200204-soleimani-aide-killed-in-syria/. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  9. ^ More than 235,000 people have fled Idlib region in Syrmia, says UN (27 December 2019).
  10. ^ More than 235,000 displaced by latest assault on Syria's Idlib, says UN (27 December 2019).
  11. ^ Gurcan, Metin (30 December 2019). Turkish troops in Syria threatened at Idlib outposts.
  12. ^ Syria war: Government will pay 'heavy price' for attacking Turkish troops (11 February 2020).
  13. ^ Turkey threatens to hit Syrian 'radicals' who do not abide by ceasefire (14 February 2020).
  14. ^ Gumrukcu, Tuvan (2020-03-06). "Ceasefire in Syria's Idlib comes at a cost for Turkey's Erdogan". https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-turkey-ceasefire-idUSKBN20T2DJ. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  15. ^ Michael Jansen (2020-03-06). Turkey the main loser in unstable Syria ceasefire deal.
  16. ^ Map: Latest Military Situation in Northwest Syria – IWN.
  17. ^ ۱۷٫۰ ۱۷٫۱ Military escalation in "De-escalation zone" 51 days on: 1,200,000 people displaced…2,640 killed…276 areas fall to regime forces • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (5 March 2020).
  18. ^ With Cease-Fire in Place, Syrians Return for Belongings, but Not to Stay (2020-03-16).
  19. ^ 18 days of military operations in Aleppo and Idlib: 1060 regime soldiers, Turks, rebels and jihadis killed, regime forces control the strategic M5 and capture 162 areas • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (12 February 2020).
  20. ^ بغطاء ناري مكثف.. قوات النظام تتقدم بضواحي مدينة حلب وتسيطر على بلدة وتلة استراتيجية (16 February 2020).
  21. ^ Turkey-Russia Patrols Start Amid Protests on Syrian Highway (2020-03-15).
  22. ^ Gurcan, Metin (18 March 2020). Turkey's geostrategic orientation at crossroads amid Idlib tangle.
  23. ^ بهجوم معاكس.. الفصائل تستعيد السيطرة بلدة "كفرعويد".. وأكثر من 200 ضربة جوية تستهدف منطقة "بوتين-أردوغان" (27 February 2020).
  24. ^ Regime forces advance rapidly in west and north-west of Aleppo amid ongoing and intensive aerial bombardment, SOHR
  25. ^ "Prominent Syrian Army commander makes appearance in southeast Idlib: video". al-Masdar News. 22 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-12-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20191225142209/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/prominent-syrian-army-commander-makes-appearance-in-southeast-idlib-video/. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  26. ^ ۲۶٫۰ ۲۶٫۱ ۲۶٫۲ "Armed Opposition Thwarts Iranian Attack East of Idleb". ZAMAN AL WASL, Syrian Observer. 13 December 2019. https://syrianobserver.com/EN/news/54875/armed-opposition-thwarts-iranian-attack-east-of-idleb.html. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  27. ^ "Syrian regime commander reportedly killed in Turkish drone strike in Aleppo". Rudaw. 28 February 2020. https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/syria/280220202. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  28. ^ ۲۸٫۰ ۲۸٫۱ "Turkish combat drones kill 3 Assad regime generals in Idlib". Daily Sabah. 1 March 2020. https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/turkish-combat-drones-kill-3-assad-regime-generals-in-idlib/news. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  29. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Enab Baladi 2019 colonel killed وارد نشده است
  30. ^ ۳۰٫۰ ۳۰٫۱ ۳۰٫۲ ۳۰٫۳ ۳۰٫۴ ۳۰٫۵ ۳۰٫۶ Joe Truzman (5 February 2020). "Hezbollah and Iranian-backed militias suffer heavy losses fighting in Syria". Long War Journal. https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/02/hezbollah-and-i.php. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  31. ^ A prominent Tahrir al-Sham commander killed in southern Idlib, Islamic World News
  32. ^ ۳۲٫۰ ۳۲٫۱ Idlib Post. Pictures of the visit of the President of the Syrian National Coalition "Anas al-Abda" the head of the Syrian Interim Government "Abdul Rahman Mustafa" and the Minister of Defense of the Syrian Interim Government "Salim Idris" to the fronts of Idlib Governorate..
  33. ^ ۳۳٫۰ ۳۳٫۱ ۳۳٫۲ ۳۳٫۳ ۳۳٫۴ ۳۳٫۵ ۳۳٫۶ "Syrian National Army" establishes 2 operating rooms to reinforce Idlib and Aleppo fronts to repel the Russian aggression (photos and videos). Nedaa Syria (31 January 2020). آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2020-02-17. یوْخلانیلیب2022-03-02.
  34. ^ "Turkey, Russia face off in Syria as fighting escalates, plane shot down". Reuters. 3 March 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security/turkey-russia-face-off-in-syria-as-fighting-escalates-plane-shot-down-idUSKBN20Q1J1.
  35. ^ Turkish losses rise in dangerous escalation over Syria's Idlib (27 February 2020).
  36. ^ A former leader in the opposition warns of a second phase of the Idlib battles (23 August 2019).
  37. ^ The second battle of Idlib ... a maneuver by the regime to implement "Sochi"?.
  38. ^ ۳۸٫۰ ۳۸٫۱ Fehim Tastekin (16 February 2020). Is Turkey planning to curb radicals in Idlib under strategy shift?. Monitor.
  39. ^ Bahar Kalkanı Harekatı'nı Korgeneral Sinan Yayla yürütecek (2 March 2020).
  40. ^ ۴۰٫۰ ۴۰٫۱ Syrian Army's death toll after two-days of battle in southeast Idlib rises to 40. Al-Masdar News (21 December 2019). آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2019-12-23. یوْخلانیلیب2022-03-02.
  41. ^ ۴۱٫۰ ۴۱٫۱ ۴۱٫۲ ۴۱٫۳ ۴۱٫۴ ۴۱٫۵ Mais Hamad (29 January 2020). "Aleppo is living nightmare of future battle". Enab Baladi. https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2020/01/aleppo-is-living-nightmare-of-future-battle/. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  42. ^ ۴۲٫۰ ۴۲٫۱ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (18 March 2021). "The Qamr Bani Hashim Division". https://www.aymennjawad.org/2020/03/the-qamr-bani-hashim-division. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  43. ^ Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad. The Life of Farid Khattab of the 313 Force.
  44. ^ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (9 February 2020). "The Special Assignments Battalion: Local Defence Forces Unit". https://www.aymennjawad.org/2020/02/the-special-assignments-battalion-local-defence. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  45. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام NDF-involved وارد نشده است
  46. ^ Map: Militant forces in Idlib buckle under huge Syrian Army assault | (20 December 2019).
  47. ^ ۴۷٫۰ ۴۷٫۱ "Palestinian Group Engaged in Pro-Govt Battles in Syria's Idlib Province". Action Group for Palestinians of Syria. 30 December 2019. http://www.actionpal.org.uk/en/post/9544/action-group-for-palestinians-of-syria/palestinian-group-engaged-in-pro-govt-battles-in-syria-s-idlib-province. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  48. ^ Four FSB special forces officers reportedly killed in Syria, Meduza
  49. ^ ۴۹٫۰ ۴۹٫۱ ۴۹٫۲ ۴۹٫۳ ۴۹٫۴ Zulfiqar Ali (18 February 2020). Syria: Who's in control of Idlib?. BBC.
  50. ^ ۵۰٫۰ ۵۰٫۱ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (26 February 2020). "Malhama Tactical: Interview". https://www.aymennjawad.org/2020/02/malhama-tactical-interview. ۲۰۲۰ ایدلیب چاتیشمالاری
  51. ^ ۵۱٫۰ ۵۱٫۱ ۵۱٫۲ ۵۱٫۳ HTS denies claims it is preventing military reinforcement from reaching Idlib (25 December 2019).
  52. ^ Bilal Abdul Kareem (29 February 2020). Battle for Idlib: On the frontline with the fighters resisting Assad's assault. Middle East Eye.
  53. ^ ۵۳٫۰ ۵۳٫۱ Turkey tests limits of Moscow-Damascus alliance. Al-Monitor (21 February 2020).
  54. ^ Turkish losses rise in dangerous escalation over Syria's Idlib. Al-Monitor (27 February 2020).
  55. ^ Harun al-Aswad (29 February 2020). Rebels vow to retake Kafranbel, Syria's revolutionary stronghold. Middle East Eye.
  56. ^ 150 Turkish military vehicles enter Syria as calm prevails the "de-escalation" zone • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (6 March 2020).
  57. ^ Gumrukcu, Tuvan (6 March 2020). "Ceasefire in Syria's Idlib comes at a cost for Turkey's Erdogan". https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-turkey-ceasefire-idUSKBN20T2DJ.
  58. ^ ۵۸٫۰ ۵۸٫۱ 383 soldiers and 357 rebels killed (19 Dec.-23 Jan.),[۱][۲] 1,129 rebels and 1,098 soldiers killed (15 Jan.-5 March),[۳] 9 rebels and 6 soldiers killed (6 March),[۴] 1 rebel killed (10 March) [۵] total of 1,496 rebels and 1,487 pro-government soldiers reported killed. 38 of the soldiers were non-Syrian.[۶][۷]
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  62. ^ Turkey shoots down two Syrian government warplanes over Idlib (2020-03-01).
  63. ^ Reuters Staff (3 March 2020). "Turkey says Syrian government warplane shot down". https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-turkey-warplane-idUSKBN20Q12V.
  64. ^ Iran Buries 21 Afghan, Pakistani Proxy Fighters Killed In Syria.
  65. ^ Turkish drones kill 19 regime soldiers, the death toll of regime forces and loyalists rises to 93 in less than 72 hours • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (1 March 2020).
  66. ^ 72 hours of violent escalation: four Russian soldiers and 125 regime soldiers, fighters and jihadies killed in military operations in Idlib and Aleppo, while nearly 1,800 strikes kill and injure over 140 civilians (2020-01-18).
  67. ^ Jihadists kill 4 Russian soldiers in western Aleppo Archived 2020-03-11 at the Wayback Machine., Al-Masdar
    Four FSB special forces officers reportedly killed in Syria, Meduza
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  69. ^ Turkish drones and artillery resume targeting regime's military vehicles and positions in Idlib countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights (3 March 2020).
  70. ^ The Turkish president confirmed 59 were killed,[۸] including 1 civilian contractor,[۹] bringing the total to 58 soldiers killed. Separately, the SOHR reported 73 killed,[۱۰][۱۱] including 1 civilian contractor,[۱۲] bringing the total to 72 soldiers killed.
  71. ^ 1 TAI Anka-S (26 February) [۱۳] Archived 11 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine.[۱۴] Archived 2020-03-11 at the Wayback Machine.
    1 Bayraktar TB2 (February 2020) [۱۵] Archived 2022-03-02 at the Wayback Machine.[۱۶]
    1 TAI Anka-S (1 March)[۱۷][۱۸]
    1 Bayraktar TB2 (3 March)[۱۹][۲۰]
    1 Bayraktar TB2 (4 March) [۲۱] Archived 26 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine.
  72. ^ Turkish UAVs played leading role in Idlib battle (2020-03-06).
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