ویکی‌پدیا

یهودیلر

یهودی‌لر[۱۰] و یا یهودی میلتی، تاریخی کنعان بؤلگه‌سینده، عبرانی[۱۱][۱۲] دین بؤیۆگۆ و آتاسی یعقوب'ون اون ایکی اوغلوندان بیری اولان یهودا'نین سویوندان گلن[۱۳][۱۴][۱۵] اتنو-دینی قوروپ[۱۶] و میلت'دیر.[۱۷][۱۸][۱۹] یهودیلیک، یهودی میلتینه اؤزل بیر دین اولدوغوندان یهودی اتنیسیته'سی میلتی و اینانجی بیربیریله گوچلو بیر شکیلده ایلیشکی ایچریسینده‌دیر.[۲۰][۲۱][۲۲]

Jews
יְהוּדִים‬ (Yehudim)
The Star of David which is a common symbol of the Jewish people.
اهالی سایی‌سی
14.6–17.8 million

Enlarged population (includes full or partial Jewish ancestry):
20.7 million[۱]

(2018، est.)
چوْخلی اهالی اولان بؤلگه‌لر
 ایسرائیل6,558,000–6,958,000[۱]
 بیرلشمیش ایالتلر5,700,000–10,000,000[۱]
 فرانسه453,000–600,000[۱]
 کانادا391,000–550,000[۱]
 بیرلشمیش شاهلیق290,000–370,000[۱]
 آرژانتین180,000–330,000[۱]
 روسیه172,000–440,000[۱]
 آلمان116,000–225,000[۱]
 اوسترالیا113,000–140,000[۱]
 برزیل93,000–150,000[۱]
 جنوبی آفریقا69,000–80,000[۱]
 اوکراین50,000–140,000[۱]
 مجاریستان47,000–100,000[۱]
 مکزیک40,000–50,000[۱]
 هولند30,000–52,000[۱]
 بلژیک29,000–40,000[۱]
 ایتالیا28,000–41,000[۱]
 سوئیس19,000–25,000[۱]
 شیلی18,000–26,000[۱]
 اوروقوئه17,000–25,000[۱]
 تورکیه15,000–21,000[۱]
 سوئد15,000–25,000[۱]
دیل‌لری
  • Predominantly spoken:[۲]
  • Historical:
  • Sacred:
دین‌لری
Judaism
مربوط اولان قومی قروپلار
بو مقاله‌ده مخصوص کاراکترلر وار. دؤزگون رئندر دئستئکلری اولماسا، مومکوندور عوضینه سوال علامتی و یا دیگر نشانلاری گؤره‌سیز.


قایناقلار

  1. ^ ۱٫۰۰ ۱٫۰۱ ۱٫۰۲ ۱٫۰۳ ۱٫۰۴ ۱٫۰۵ ۱٫۰۶ ۱٫۰۷ ۱٫۰۸ ۱٫۰۹ ۱٫۱۰ ۱٫۱۱ ۱٫۱۲ ۱٫۱۳ ۱٫۱۴ ۱٫۱۵ ۱٫۱۶ ۱٫۱۷ ۱٫۱۸ ۱٫۱۹ ۱٫۲۰ ۱٫۲۱ ۱٫۲۲ Dashefsky, Arnold; Della Pergola, Sergio; Sheskin, Ira, eds. (2018). World Jewish Population (PDF) (Report). Berman Jewish DataBank. 22 June 2019-ده یوخلانیب.
  2. ^ Links. Beth Hatefutsoth.
  3. ^ Kiaris, Hippokratis (2012). Genes, Polymorphisms and the Making of Societies: How Genetic Behavioral Traits Influence Human Cultures. Universal Publishers. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-61233-093-8.
  4. ^ ۴٫۰ ۴٫۱ ۴٫۲ ۴٫۳ Shen, Peidong; Lavi, Tal; Kivisild, Toomas; Chou, Vivian; Sengun, Deniz; Gefel, Dov; Shpirer, Issac; Woolf, Eilon; Hillel, Jossi; Feldman, Marcus W.; Oefner, Peter J. (September 2004). "Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-Chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence Variation". Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356.
  5. ^ ۵٫۰ ۵٫۱ Ridolfo, Jim (2015). Digital Samaritans: Rhetorical Delivery and Engagement in the Digital Humanities. University of Michigan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-472-07280-4.
  6. ^ Wade, Nicholas (9 June 2010). "Studies Show Jews' Genetic Similarity". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/10/science/10jews.html.
  7. ^ Nebel, Almut; Filon, Dvora; Weiss, Deborah A.; Weale, Michael; Faerman, Marina; Oppenheim, Ariella; Thomas, Mark G. (December 2000). "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 630–641. doi:10.1007/s004390000426. PMID 11153918. S2CID 8136092.
  8. ^ ۸٫۰ ۸٫۱ Jews Are The Genetic Brothers Of Palestinians, Syrians, And Lebanese. Sciencedaily.com (9 May 2000).
  9. ^ Atzmon, Gil; Hao, Li; Pe'er, Itsik; Velez, Christopher; Pearlman, Alexander; Palamara, Pier Francesco; Morrow, Bernice; Friedman, Eitan; Oddoux, Carole; Burns, Edward; Ostrer, Harry (June 2010). "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 86 (6): 850–859. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015. PMC 3032072. PMID 20560205.
  10. ^ Jews (İngilizce). "Yahudiler". Hebrew Dictionary.
  11. ^ "In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Old Testament." Jew at Encyclopædia Britannica Error on call to شابلون:وب قایناقلاماسی: Parameters باغلانتی and باشلیق must be specified (26 Ocak 2018).
  12. ^ "Hebrew, any member of an ancient northern Semitic people that were the ancestors of the Jews." Hebrew (People) at Encyclopædia Britannica شابلون:Webarşiv
  13. ^ . ISBN 978-0-19-513941-9. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |ایل= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |باشلیق= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |باغلانتی= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |یازار= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |یاییملاییجی= ignored (کؤمک) Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites"
  14. ^ . ISBN 978-1-4381-2676-0. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar= ignored (|author= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yıl= ignored (|date= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |باشلیق= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |باغلانتی= ignored (کؤمک)"The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history"
  15. ^ . ISBN 978-0-19-997638-6 https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT26. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar= ignored (|author= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yıl= ignored (|date= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |باشلیق= ignored (کؤمک)
  16. ^ * https://books.google.com/books?id=V4qhTL61nXEC&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=jew+ethnic+mandla&ct=result&resnum=7. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |başlık= ignored (|title= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |dil= ignored (|language= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |erişimtarihi= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |çalışma= ignored (کؤمک)
    • شابلون:Akademik dergi kaynağı
    • The Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Eli Lederhendler Stephen S. Wise Professor of American Jewish History and Institutions (2001). Studies in Contemporary Jewry : Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel: Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-19-534896-5.
    • Ernest Krausz; Gitta Tulea. Jewish Survival: The Identity Problem at the Close of the Twentieth Century; [... International Workshop at Bar-Ilan University on the 18th and 19th of March, 1997]. Transaction Publishers. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-4128-2689-1.
    • John A. Shoup III (2011). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 133. ISBN 978-1-59884-363-7.
    Tet-Lim N. Yee (2005). Jews, Gentiles and Ethnic Reconciliation: Paul's Jewish identity and Ephesians. Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–. ISBN 978-1-139-44411-8.
  17. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Nicholson2002 وارد نشده است
  18. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Neusner1991 وارد نشده است
  19. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Dowty1998 وارد نشده است
  20. ^ . ISBN 978-0-19-534896-5 https://books.google.com/books?id=1wvahJv83AgC&pg=PA101. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |başlık= ignored (|title= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar= ignored (|author= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yıl= ignored (|date= suggested) (کؤمک) "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) law and the study of ancient religious texts"
  21. ^ . ISBN 978-1-139-44411-8 https://books.google.com/books?id=x4OwXhMOn5cC&pg=PA102. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |başlık= ignored (|title= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar= ignored (|author= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yıl= ignored (|date= suggested) (کؤمک) "This identification in the Jewish attitude between the ethnic group and religious identity is so close that the reception into this religion of members not belonging to its ethnic group has become impossible."
  22. ^ . ISBN 978-1-4128-2689-1 https://books.google.com/books?id=dnxv-Mlz0JIC&pg=PA90. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |başlık= ignored (|title= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |sayfalar= ignored (|pages= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yayıncı= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar1= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yazar2= ignored (کؤمک); Unknown parameter |yıl= ignored (|date= suggested) (کؤمک)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) "A person born Jewish who refutes Judaism may continue to assert a Jewish identity, and if he or she does not convert to another religion, even religious Jews will recognize the person as a Jew"
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