یهودیلر

Jews
יְהוּדִים‬ (Yehudim)
	The Star of David which is a common symbol of the Jewish people.
اهالی سایی‌سی
	14.6–17.8 million; Enlarged population (includes full or partial Jewish ancestry): ; 20.7 million (2018، est.)
چوْخلی اهالی اولان بؤلگه‌لر
ایسرائیل	6,558,000–6,958,000
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر	5,700,000–10,000,000
فرانسه	453,000–600,000
کانادا	391,000–550,000
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق	290,000–370,000
آرژانتین	180,000–330,000
روسیه	172,000–440,000
آلمان	116,000–225,000
اوسترالیا	113,000–140,000
برزیل	93,000–150,000
جنوبی آفریقا	69,000–80,000
اوکراین	50,000–140,000
مجاریستان	47,000–100,000
مکزیک	40,000–50,000
هولند	30,000–52,000
بلژیک	29,000–40,000
ایتالیا	28,000–41,000
سوئیس	19,000–25,000
شیلی	18,000–26,000
اوروقوئه	17,000–25,000
تورکیه	15,000–21,000
سوئد	15,000–25,000
دیل‌لری
	Predominantly spoken:; Modern Hebrew; English; Russian; French; Spanish; ; Historical:; Yiddish; Ladino; Judeo-Arabic; others; ; Sacred:; Biblical Hebrew; Biblical Aramaic; Talmudic Aramaic; ;
دین‌لری
	Judaism
مربوط اولان قومی قروپلار
	Samaritans; Other Levantines and Semitic peoples such as Arabs and Assyrians;

یهودی‌لر^[۱۰] و یا یهودی میلتی، تاریخی کنعان بؤلگه‌سینده، عبرانی^[۱۱]^[۱۲] دین بؤیۆگۆ و آتاسی یعقوب'ون اون ایکی اوغلوندان بیری اولان یهودا'نین سویوندان گلن^[۱۳]^[۱۴]^[۱۵] اتنو-دینی قوروپ^[۱۶] و میلت'دیر.^[۱۷]^[۱۸]^[۱۹] یهودیلیک، یهودی میلتینه اؤزل بیر دین اولدوغوندان یهودی اتنیسیته'سی میلتی و اینانجی بیربیریله گوچلو بیر شکیلده ایلیشکی ایچریسینده‌دیر.^[۲۰]^[۲۱]^[۲۲]

قایناقلار

^ ^۱٫۰۰ ^۱٫۰۱ ^۱٫۰۲ ^۱٫۰۳ ^۱٫۰۴ ^۱٫۰۵ ^۱٫۰۶ ^۱٫۰۷ ^۱٫۰۸ ^۱٫۰۹ ^۱٫۱۰ ^۱٫۱۱ ^۱٫۱۲ ^۱٫۱۳ ^۱٫۱۴ ^۱٫۱۵ ^۱٫۱۶ ^۱٫۱۷ ^۱٫۱۸ ^۱٫۱۹ ^۱٫۲۰ ^۱٫۲۱ ^۱٫۲۲ Dashefsky, Arnold; Della Pergola, Sergio; Sheskin, Ira, eds. (2018). World Jewish Population (PDF) (Report). Berman Jewish DataBank. 22 June 2019-ده یوخلانیب.
^ "Links". Beth Hatefutsoth. 26 March 2009-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 2 April 2012-ده یوخلانیب.
^ Kiaris, Hippokratis (2012). Genes, Polymorphisms and the Making of Societies: How Genetic Behavioral Traits Influence Human Cultures. Universal Publishers. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-61233-093-8.
^ ^۴٫۰ ^۴٫۱ ^۴٫۲ ^۴٫۳ Shen, Peidong; Lavi, Tal; Kivisild, Toomas; Chou, Vivian; Sengun, Deniz; Gefel, Dov; Shpirer, Issac; Woolf, Eilon; Hillel, Jossi; Feldman, Marcus W.; Oefner, Peter J. (September 2004). "Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-Chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence Variation". Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356.
^ ^۵٫۰ ^۵٫۱ Ridolfo, Jim (2015). Digital Samaritans: Rhetorical Delivery and Engagement in the Digital Humanities. University of Michigan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-472-07280-4.
^ Wade, Nicholas (9 June 2010). "Studies Show Jews' Genetic Similarity". The New York Times.
^ Nebel, Almut; Filon, Dvora; Weiss, Deborah A.; Weale, Michael; Faerman, Marina; Oppenheim, Ariella; Thomas, Mark G. (December 2000). "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 630–641. doi:10.1007/s004390000426. PMID 11153918. S2CID 8136092.
^ ^۸٫۰ ^۸٫۱ "Jews Are The Genetic Brothers Of Palestinians, Syrians, And Lebanese". Sciencedaily.com. 9 May 2000. 12 April 2013-ده یوخلانیب.
^ Atzmon, Gil; Hao, Li; Pe'er, Itsik; Velez, Christopher; Pearlman, Alexander; Palamara, Pier Francesco; Morrow, Bernice; Friedman, Eitan; Oddoux, Carole; Burns, Edward; Ostrer, Harry (June 2010). "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 86 (6): 850–859. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015. PMC 3032072. PMID 20560205.
^ Jews (İngilizce). "Yahudiler". Hebrew Dictionary.
^ "In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Old Testament." Jew at Encyclopædia Britannica Error on call to شابلون:وب قایناقلاماسی: Parameters باغلانتی and باشلیق must be specified (26 Ocak 2018).
^ "Hebrew, any member of an ancient northern Semitic people that were the ancestors of the Jews." Hebrew (People) at Encyclopædia Britannica شابلون:Webarşiv
^ Raymond P. Scheindlin (1998). A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood. Oxford University Press. Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites"
^ Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East."The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history"
^ Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People.
^
* {{{باشلیق}}}.
- شابلون:Akademik dergi kaynağı
- The Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Eli Lederhendler Stephen S. Wise Professor of American Jewish History and Institutions (2001). Studies in Contemporary Jewry : Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel: Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-19-534896-5.
- Ernest Krausz; Gitta Tulea. Jewish Survival: The Identity Problem at the Close of the Twentieth Century; [... International Workshop at Bar-Ilan University on the 18th and 19th of March, 1997]. Transaction Publishers. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-4128-2689-1.
- John A. Shoup III (2011). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 133. ISBN 978-1-59884-363-7.
Tet-Lim N. Yee (2005). Jews, Gentiles and Ethnic Reconciliation: Paul's Jewish identity and Ephesians. Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–. ISBN 978-1-139-44411-8.
^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Nicholson2002 وارد نشده‌است
^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Neusner1991 وارد نشده‌است
^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Dowty1998 وارد نشده‌است
^ {{{باشلیق}}}. "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) law and the study of ancient religious texts"
^ {{{باشلیق}}}. "This identification in the Jewish attitude between the ethnic group and religious identity is so close that the reception into this religion of members not belonging to its ethnic group has become impossible."
^ {{{باشلیق}}}. "A person born Jewish who refutes Judaism may continue to assert a Jewish identity, and if he or she does not convert to another religion, even religious Jews will recognize the person as a Jew"

[JDB-1] ۱٫۰۰ ^۱٫۰۱ ^۱٫۰۲ ^۱٫۰۳ ^۱٫۰۴ ^۱٫۰۵ ^۱٫۰۶ ^۱٫۰۷ ^۱٫۰۸ ^۱٫۰۹ ^۱٫۱۰ ^۱٫۱۱ ^۱٫۱۲ ^۱٫۱۳ ^۱٫۱۴ ^۱٫۱۵ ^۱٫۱۶ ^۱٫۱۷ ^۱٫۱۸ ^۱٫۱۹ ^۱٫۲۰ ^۱٫۲۱ ^۱٫۲۲ Dashefsky, Arnold; Della Pergola, Sergio; Sheskin, Ira, eds. (2018). World Jewish Population (PDF) (Report). Berman Jewish DataBank. 22 June 2019-ده یوخلانیب.

[Languages-2] "Links". Beth Hatefutsoth. 26 March 2009-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 2 April 2012-ده یوخلانیب.

[3] Kiaris, Hippokratis (2012). Genes, Polymorphisms and the Making of Societies: How Genetic Behavioral Traits Influence Human Cultures. Universal Publishers. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-61233-093-8.

[evolutsioon-4] ۴٫۰ ^۴٫۱ ^۴٫۲ ^۴٫۳ Shen, Peidong; Lavi, Tal; Kivisild, Toomas; Chou, Vivian; Sengun, Deniz; Gefel, Dov; Shpirer, Issac; Woolf, Eilon; Hillel, Jossi; Feldman, Marcus W.; Oefner, Peter J. (September 2004). "Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-Chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence Variation". Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356.

[DigitalSamaritans-5] ۵٫۰ ^۵٫۱ Ridolfo, Jim (2015). Digital Samaritans: Rhetorical Delivery and Engagement in the Digital Humanities. University of Michigan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-472-07280-4.

[6] Wade, Nicholas (9 June 2010). "Studies Show Jews' Genetic Similarity". The New York Times.

[7] Nebel, Almut; Filon, Dvora; Weiss, Deborah A.; Weale, Michael; Faerman, Marina; Oppenheim, Ariella; Thomas, Mark G. (December 2000). "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 630–641. doi:10.1007/s004390000426. PMID 11153918. S2CID 8136092.

[sciencedaily-8] ۸٫۰ ^۸٫۱ "Jews Are The Genetic Brothers Of Palestinians, Syrians, And Lebanese". Sciencedaily.com. 9 May 2000. 12 April 2013-ده یوخلانیب.

[Abraham_2010-9] Atzmon, Gil; Hao, Li; Pe'er, Itsik; Velez, Christopher; Pearlman, Alexander; Palamara, Pier Francesco; Morrow, Bernice; Friedman, Eitan; Oddoux, Carole; Burns, Edward; Ostrer, Harry (June 2010). "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 86 (6): 850–859. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015. PMC 3032072. PMID 20560205.

[10] Jews (İngilizce). "Yahudiler". Hebrew Dictionary.

[11] "In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Old Testament." Jew at Encyclopædia Britannica Error on call to شابلون:وب قایناقلاماسی: Parameters باغلانتی and باشلیق must be specified (26 Ocak 2018).

[12] "Hebrew, any member of an ancient northern Semitic people that were the ancestors of the Jews." Hebrew (People) at Encyclopædia Britannica شابلون:Webarşiv

[Scheindlin1998-13] Raymond P. Scheindlin (1998). A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood. Oxford University Press. Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites"

[Incorporated2009-14] Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East."The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history"

[MD2012-15] Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People.

[Jews-are-ethnoreligious-group-16] * {{{باشلیق}}}.
شابلون:Akademik dergi kaynağı

The Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Eli Lederhendler Stephen S. Wise Professor of American Jewish History and Institutions (2001). Studies in Contemporary Jewry : Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel: Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-19-534896-5.

Ernest Krausz; Gitta Tulea. Jewish Survival: The Identity Problem at the Close of the Twentieth Century; [... International Workshop at Bar-Ilan University on the 18th and 19th of March, 1997]. Transaction Publishers. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-4128-2689-1.

John A. Shoup III (2011). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 133. ISBN 978-1-59884-363-7.
Tet-Lim N. Yee (2005). Jews, Gentiles and Ethnic Reconciliation: Paul's Jewish identity and Ephesians. Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–. ISBN 978-1-139-44411-8.

[17] شابلون:Akademik dergi kaynağı

[18] The Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Eli Lederhendler Stephen S. Wise Professor of American Jewish History and Institutions (2001). Studies in Contemporary Jewry : Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel: Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-19-534896-5.

[19] Ernest Krausz; Gitta Tulea. Jewish Survival: The Identity Problem at the Close of the Twentieth Century; [... International Workshop at Bar-Ilan University on the 18th and 19th of March, 1997]. Transaction Publishers. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-4128-2689-1.

[20] John A. Shoup III (2011). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 133. ISBN 978-1-59884-363-7.

[Nicholson2002-17] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Nicholson2002 وارد نشده‌است

[Neusner1991-18] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Neusner1991 وارد نشده‌است

[Dowty1998-19] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Dowty1998 وارد نشده‌است

[Lederhendler2001-20] {{{باشلیق}}}. "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) law and the study of ancient religious texts"

[Yee2005-21] {{{باشلیق}}}. "This identification in the Jewish attitude between the ethnic group and religious identity is so close that the reception into this religion of members not belonging to its ethnic group has become impossible."

[KrauszTulea-22] {{{باشلیق}}}. "A person born Jewish who refutes Judaism may continue to assert a Jewish identity, and if he or she does not convert to another religion, even religious Jews will recognize the person as a Jew"

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[۱۳]

[۱۴]

[۱۵]

[۱۶]

[۱۷]

[۱۸]

[۱۹]

[۲۰]

[۲۱]

[۲۲]

[۱]

[۲]

[۳]

[۴]

[۵]

[۶]

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[۹]

יְהוּדִים‬ (Yehudim)
The Star of David which is a common symbol of the Jewish people.
اهالی سایی‌سی
14.6–17.8 million Enlarged population (includes full or partial Jewish ancestry): 20.7 million^[۱] (2018، est.)
چوْخلی اهالی اولان بؤلگه‌لر
ایسرائیل	6,558,000–6,958,000^[۱]
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر	5,700,000–10,000,000^[۱]
فرانسه	453,000–600,000^[۱]
کانادا	391,000–550,000^[۱]
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق	290,000–370,000^[۱]
آرژانتین	180,000–330,000^[۱]
روسیه	172,000–440,000^[۱]
آلمان	116,000–225,000^[۱]
اوسترالیا	113,000–140,000^[۱]
برزیل	93,000–150,000^[۱]
جنوبی آفریقا	69,000–80,000^[۱]
اوکراین	50,000–140,000^[۱]
مجاریستان	47,000–100,000^[۱]
مکزیک	40,000–50,000^[۱]
هولند	30,000–52,000^[۱]
بلژیک	29,000–40,000^[۱]
ایتالیا	28,000–41,000^[۱]
سوئیس	19,000–25,000^[۱]
شیلی	18,000–26,000^[۱]
اوروقوئه	17,000–25,000^[۱]
تورکیه	15,000–21,000^[۱]
سوئد	15,000–25,000^[۱]
دیل‌لری
Predominantly spoken:^[۲] Modern Hebrew English Russian French Spanish Historical: Yiddish Ladino Judeo-Arabic others Sacred: Biblical Hebrew Biblical Aramaic Talmudic Aramaic
دین‌لری
Judaism
مربوط اولان قومی قروپلار
Samaritans^[۳]^[۴]^[۵] Other Levantines and Semitic peoples such as^[۴]^[۶]^[۷]^[۸] Arabs^[۴]^[۹] and Assyrians^[۴]^[۸]^[۵]